Introduction Polyurethane (PU) is a versatile polymer material widely used in various applications, including coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, and foams. Its diverse properties arise from the combination of different polyols and isocyanates, which undergo a polymerization reaction to form the urethane linkage (-NH-COO-). Beyond the basic urethane reaction, modifying the PU structure with trimerization reactions...